1. What is Tsunami Velocity?

Tsunami velocity refers to the speed at which a tsunami wave travels across the ocean. It is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken, providing crucial information for tsunami warning systems and evacuation planning.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the basic velocity formula:

Where:

• \( v \) — Tsunami velocity (km/h)
• \( Distance \) — Distance traveled by the tsunami wave (km)
• \( Time \) — Time taken to travel that distance (h)

Explanation: This simple formula provides the average speed of tsunami propagation, which is essential for predicting arrival times and implementing safety measures.

3. Importance of Tsunami Velocity Calculation

Details: Accurate tsunami velocity calculation is critical for early warning systems, evacuation planning, and understanding tsunami behavior across different ocean depths and geographical conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter distance in kilometers and time in hours. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical velocity of a tsunami?
A: Tsunamis can travel at speeds of 500-800 km/h in deep ocean waters, slowing down to 20-50 km/h as they approach shallow coastal areas.

Q2: How does ocean depth affect tsunami velocity?
A: Tsunami velocity is proportional to the square root of water depth. Deeper water allows for faster propagation of tsunami waves.

Q3: Why is time measured in hours for this calculation?
A: Hours are used because tsunami travel distances are typically large (hundreds of kilometers), making hours a more practical unit than seconds or minutes.

Q4: Can this calculator be used for real-time tsunami warnings?
A: While the formula is correct, real-time warning systems use more sophisticated models that account for ocean depth variations, sea floor topography, and other complex factors.

Q5: What factors can affect tsunami velocity accuracy?
A: Ocean depth variations, sea floor topography, water temperature, and salinity can all influence actual tsunami propagation speed beyond the basic calculation.